Level Kompetensi 1: Pemahaman Tekstual

Materi dan Latihan Soal: Pemahaman Tekstual

Materi Belajar: Kompetensi Pemahaman Tekstual

Kompetensi ini mengukur kemampuan Anda dalam memahami informasi yang disajikan secara eksplisit (tersurat) dalam sebuah teks. Anda diharapkan dapat menemukan, mengelompokkan, dan menyusun kembali informasi yang jawabannya ada secara langsung di dalam bacaan.

1. Menemukan/Mengidentifikasi Informasi

Kemampuan untuk menemukan fakta atau detail spesifik yang disebutkan secara lugas dalam teks.

Strategi:
  • Gunakan teknik scanning untuk mencari kata kunci dari pertanyaan di dalam teks.
  • Fokus pada detail seperti nama, angka, tanggal, dan lokasi.
  • Pastikan informasi yang ditemukan benar-benar menjawab pertanyaan.
Kerjakan Latihan Soal →

2. Mengklasifikasi

Kemampuan untuk mengelompokkan informasi ke dalam kategori tertentu berdasarkan kriteria yang ada di teks.

Strategi:
  • Identifikasi kategori yang diminta oleh soal (cth: keuntungan vs. kerugian).
  • Cari kata-kata sinyal dalam teks yang menandakan pengelompokan.
  • Buat catatan singkat untuk memisahkan informasi sesuai kategorinya.
Kerjakan Latihan Soal →

3. Membuat Kerangka (Outlining)

Kemampuan menyusun poin-poin utama atau alur cerita dari sebuah teks secara sistematis dan berurutan.

Strategi:
  • Temukan kalimat utama di setiap paragraf.
  • Perhatikan urutan kronologis atau logis dari kejadian/argumen.
  • Eliminasi pilihan yang urutannya salah atau informasinya tidak lengkap.
Kerjakan Latihan Soal →

4. Meringkas (Summarizing)

Kemampuan menyajikan kembali isi teks secara ringkas dengan hanya mengambil bagian yang paling penting.

Strategi:
  • Pahami ide utama keseluruhan teks.
  • Pilih jawaban yang paling komprehensif dan tidak terlalu spesifik pada satu detail.
Kerjakan Latihan Soal →

5. Mensintesis (Synthesizing)

Kemampuan menggabungkan informasi dari beberapa bagian teks untuk mendapatkan pemahaman yang lebih utuh.

Strategi:
  • Cari hubungan antara informasi di paragraf yang berbeda.
  • Jawaban biasanya bukan kutipan langsung, melainkan kesimpulan dari gabungan informasi.
Kerjakan Latihan Soal →

Latihan Soal Interaktif

Teks untuk soal nomor 1 s.d. 4

The Komodo dragon is a fascinating creature and holds the title of the world’s largest lizard. It is found exclusively on a few Indonesian islands, including Komodo, Rinca, Flores, and Gili Motang. An adult dragon can reach a length of up to 3 meters and weigh more than 70 kilograms, making it a dominant predator in its habitat. Their skin is tough and reinforced with bony plates called osteoderms, providing excellent protection.

These powerful carnivores have a diverse diet that changes as they age. Young Komodo dragons are agile climbers and spend much of their time in trees. This behavior is crucial for their survival, as it helps them avoid being eaten by larger, adult dragons and other predators. Their diet mainly consists of insects, small lizards, and birds. As they grow larger and can no longer climb, they move to the ground and begin to hunt bigger prey. Their diet then expands to include deer, pigs, goats, and even large water buffalo. Komodo dragons have an excellent sense of smell, which is their primary method for locating food. They use their long, forked tongues to sample the air, detecting the scent of prey from several kilometers away. Their bite is also a formidable weapon; it is venomous and contains toxins that cause shock and prevent blood from clotting, quickly disabling their victims. Due to their limited habitat and threats like poaching and human encroachment, they are considered a vulnerable species, with conservation efforts in place to protect them.

1. (Menemukan Informasi) What unique ability helps Komodo dragons find their food from a distance?

2. (Mengklasifikasi) Based on the text, classify the following descriptions. Do they refer to an adult Komodo dragon or a young Komodo dragon?

TraitsAdultYoung
A. Lives in trees for safety.
B. Hunts large animals like deer.
C. Can weigh more than 70 kilograms.

3. (Menemukan Informasi) According to the text, what are the effects of a Komodo dragon’s venom? (Pilih semua yang benar)

4. (Meringkas) Which statement best summarizes the text?

Teks untuk soal nomor 5 s.d. 9

Making a perfect, fluffy omelette is a simple cooking skill that anyone can master for a quick and satisfying meal. The key is to prepare your ingredients and tools before you start cooking. For a basic omelette, you will need two large eggs, a splash of milk or water (about one tablespoon), a small knob of butter, and a pinch of salt and pepper. For your tools, you will need a bowl, a whisk or fork, a spatula, and a non-stick frying pan, which is essential for preventing the eggs from sticking.

First, crack the eggs into a bowl. Add the milk or water, which helps create steam and makes the omelette fluffier. Whisk the mixture vigorously until it is smooth, pale yellow, and slightly frothy; this incorporates air into the eggs. After whisking, season with salt and pepper. Next, place your non-stick frying pan over medium heat. It’s important not to let the pan get too hot, as this can burn the eggs. Add the butter and let it melt until it sizzles gently.

Once the butter is ready, pour the egg mixture into the pan. Let it cook for about a minute without stirring, until you see the edges start to set. Then, using your spatula, gently push the cooked edges towards the center and tilt the pan so the uncooked egg flows to the empty sides. Continue this process for another minute. When the top of the omelette is almost set but still a little moist, you can add your favorite fillings, like grated cheese, chopped ham, or mushrooms, on one half. Finally, use the spatula to fold the other half of the omelette over the fillings. Let it cook for another 30 seconds to melt the cheese, and then carefully slide it onto a plate to serve immediately.

5. (Menemukan Informasi) What is the first step you need to take to make an omelette?

6. (Membuat Kerangka) Which of the following shows the correct sequence of steps?

7. (Mengklasifikasi) Based on the text, categorize the following items. Are they ingredients or tools?

ItemIngredientTool
A. Frying pan
B. Butter
C. Spatula

8. (Menemukan Informasi) When should you add fillings to the omelette?

9. (Meringkas) The main purpose of this text is to…

Teks untuk soal nomor 10 s.d. 16

The Great Wall of China is one of the most remarkable and recognizable architectural achievements in human history. Stretching over an incredible 21,196 kilometers, it is not a single, continuous wall but a complex defense system. This system is comprised of fortifications, including walls of varying heights, watchtowers for surveillance, fortresses for command posts, and barracks for soldiers. The initial construction of the Great Wall began as early as the 7th century BC by various Chinese states to protect their borders. However, it was the first Emperor of a unified China, Qin Shi Huang, who initiated the ambitious project of connecting and extending these existing walls around 221 BC. His primary goal was to create a unified defense system to protect the Chinese empire against invasions from the nomadic tribes of the north.

The construction methods and materials used for the Great Wall varied depending on the region and the available resources. In the eastern parts of China, builders used durable materials like bricks, tamped earth, and cut stone blocks, which have stood the test of time. In the western desert regions, where such materials were scarce, builders ingeniously used rammed earth, reeds, and wood. For many centuries, the Great Wall was a crucial military defense line, preventing invasions and allowing emperors to control the country’s borders. Beyond its military function, it also served other important purposes. It facilitated border control, allowing the imposition of duties on goods transported along the Silk Road, which boosted the economy. Today, while it no longer serves a military purpose, the Great Wall of China stands as a powerful symbol of Chinese strength, persistence, and national identity, and it is one of the world’s most popular tourist attractions, drawing millions of visitors each year.

10. (Menemukan Informasi) Who was the emperor that started connecting the existing walls into a single system?

11. (Menemukan Informasi) What materials were used to build the wall in desert regions? (Pilih semua yang benar)

12. (Mensintesis) Based on the text, what were the two main functions of the Great Wall in the past?

13. (Meringkas) What is the main idea of the first paragraph?

14. (Menemukan Informasi) How long is the Great Wall of China?

15. (Membuat Kerangka) Which of the following best outlines the text?

16. (Mengklasifikasi) Classify the statements as relating to the wall’s ‘Construction’ or its ‘Purpose’.

StatementConstructionPurpose
A. Protecting against invasions.
B. Using rammed earth and wood.
C. Imposing duties on goods.

Teks untuk soal nomor 17 s.d. 23

A long time ago, in a small, quiet fishing village near the beach in West Sumatra, lived a woman with her only son, Malin Kundang. They were very poor, and his mother worked hard every day, but they loved each other dearly. Malin was a diligent and strong boy who always wanted a better life for his beloved mother. One day, a large trading ship docked at the shore, seeking young, able-bodied men to work as sailors. Seeing this as his golden opportunity, Malin Kundang decided to join the crew. He promised his heartbroken mother that he would sail away to seek his fortune and return one day as a rich man to take care of her. With a heavy heart, his mother blessed him and watched the ship disappear over the horizon.

Years went by with no news from Malin. His mother, now old and frail, waited faithfully by the shore every day, praying for his safe return. Many years later, her prayers were seemingly answered when a magnificent ship, grander than any seen before, arrived at the village. The villagers gathered in awe to see the wealthy merchant who owned it. It was Malin Kundang, now a rich man with a beautiful, noble wife. His old mother, instantly recognizing him despite his fine clothes, ran to embrace the son she had missed so much. However, Malin Kundang, ashamed of his humble origins and his poor, old mother in front of his wealthy wife, cruelly denied knowing the woman. He pushed her away, shouting that she was not his mother. Heartbroken and enraged by his arrogance, his mother knelt on the ground and prayed to God to punish her disobedient son. Suddenly, the clear sky turned dark, and a violent storm arose. The ship was wrecked by massive waves, and as the storm raged, Malin Kundang was turned into stone, forever cursed for his disobedience.

17. (Menemukan Informasi) Why did Malin Kundang leave his village?

18. (Membuat Kerangka) Which is the correct sequence of events in the story?

19. (Menemukan Informasi) What did Malin Kundang’s mother do when he refused to recognize her?

20. (Meringkas) The story of Malin Kundang is mainly about…

21. (Mengklasifikasi) Based on the story, classify the traits of the characters.

TraitMalin KundangHis Mother
A. Arrogant
B. Patient
C. Loving

22. (Menemukan Informasi) How did the villagers know a rich merchant had arrived?

23. (Mensintesis) Which actions show Malin Kundang’s arrogance and shame? (Pilih semua yang benar)

Teks untuk soal nomor 24 s.d. 29

Recycling is the important process of converting waste materials into new, usable materials and objects. In a world facing environmental challenges, it has become an essential practice for managing waste effectively and protecting our planet. The benefits of recycling are numerous and significant, directly impacting the health of our environment. The first major benefit is the conservation of precious natural resources. For instance, recycling paper and wood saves millions of trees and protects vital forests, which are crucial for maintaining biodiversity and absorbing carbon dioxide. Similarly, recycling plastic means creating less new plastic. Since new plastic is made from fossil fuels like petroleum, recycling helps conserve these non-renewable resources.

Secondly, recycling plays a critical role in reducing pollution. When waste is simply thrown away, it often ends up in landfills or is incinerated. Landfills can release harmful chemicals into the soil and groundwater, while incineration can release toxic gases and greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. The recycling process itself also offers a major advantage: it uses significantly less energy compared to producing goods from raw materials. For example, making aluminum cans from recycled aluminum uses about 95% less energy than making them from scratch. This substantial energy saving leads to a direct reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, which helps to combat climate change. Many everyday items can be recycled, including paper, cardboard, glass bottles, metal cans, and certain types of plastics. To be effective, it is important for everyone to check their local guidelines to know which materials are accepted for recycling in their area and how to sort them properly.

24. (Menemukan Informasi) According to the text, what are two main benefits of recycling?

25. (Mensintesis) How does recycling help fight climate change, according to the text?

26. (Menemukan Informasi) Which of the following items are mentioned as recyclable? (Pilih semua yang benar)

27. (Meringkas) The text is mainly about…

28. (Membuat Kerangka) Which outline best represents the structure of the text?

29. (Mengklasifikasi) Based on the text, classify the following effects.

EffectConserving ResourcesReducing Pollution
A. Saving trees and forests.
B. Lowering greenhouse gas emissions.
C. Creating less new plastic.

Teks untuk soal nomor 30 s.d. 35

Last year, I finally took my first trip to Japan, a journey I had dreamed of for a long time. I spent two unforgettable weeks exploring this amazing country. My adventure began in the massive, bustling city of Tokyo. On my very first day, I went straight to the world-famous Shibuya Crossing. It was an incredible sight, like a human river, with thousands of people crossing the street at once from all directions, yet in perfect order. It was the perfect introduction to the energy of the city. To see the other side of Tokyo, I also explored the historic Senso-ji Temple in the Asakusa district. The contrast between the hyper-modern cityscape and the serene, traditional temple grounds was truly fascinating.

After four exciting days in Tokyo, I took the Shinkansen, or bullet train, to Kyoto. The ride itself was an experience, incredibly fast and smooth. Kyoto had a completely different atmosphere. It was much quieter and felt steeped in history, filled with beautiful temples, peaceful Zen gardens, and traditional wooden houses known as machiya. I spent my time there visiting iconic sites like Kinkaku-ji, the famous Golden Pavilion that gleamed in the sunlight, and I took a memorable walk through the towering stalks of the Arashiyama Bamboo Grove. The food throughout my trip was another highlight; I tried everything from incredibly fresh sushi at a local market to bowls of delicious, steaming ramen in small neighborhood shops.

The final part of my trip was a visit to Osaka. This city is well-known for its vibrant nightlife and amazing street food scene. I spent an evening in Dotonbori, where huge, colorful neon signs and giant food models light up the streets and reflect on the canals. The takoyaki (octopus balls) and okonomiyaki (a savory pancake) I ate from the street stalls were the best I have ever tasted. The entire experience in Japan was wonderful, from the incredibly efficient public transport to the polite and friendly people I met everywhere.

30. (Menemukan Informasi) What was the first place the writer visited in Tokyo?

31. (Membuat Kerangka) Which option correctly outlines the writer’s journey?

32. (Menemukan Informasi) What is Osaka famous for, according to the text? (Pilih semua yang benar)

33. (Meringkas) What is the text generally about?

34. (Mensintesis) Based on the text, what is a key difference between Tokyo and Kyoto?

35. (Mengklasifikasi) Classify these places based on the city where the writer visited them.

PlaceTokyoKyotoOsaka
A. Dotonbori
B. Arashiyama Bamboo Grove
C. Senso-ji Temple